Update Stringfun.c

WEEK-2/Stringfun.c

@@ -23,24 +23,7 @@ void usage(char *exename){
     printf("\texample: %s -w \"hello class\" \n", exename);
 }
 
-//count_words algorithm
-//  1.  create a boolean to indicate if you are at the start of a word
-//      initialize to false
-//  2.  Loop over the length of the string
-//      2a.  Get the current character aka str[i]
-//      2b.  Is word_start state false?
-//           -  Is the current character a SPACE_CHAR?
-//              * if YES, continue loop (a.k.a) goto top with "continue;"
-//              * if NO, we are at the start of a new word
-//                > increment wc
-//                > set word_start to true
-//      2c. Else, word_start is true
-//          - Is the current character a SPACE_CHAR?
-//            * if YES we just ended a word, set word_start to false
-//            * if NO, its just a character in the current word so
-//                     there is nothing more to do
-//  3.  The current word count for the input string is in the wc variable
-//      so just 'return wc;' 
+// Function to count the number of words in the string 
 int count_words(char *str) {
     int wc = 0;
     bool word_start = false;
@@ -57,21 +40,7 @@ int count_words(char *str) {
 }
 
 
-//reverse_string() algorithm
-//  1.  Initialize the start and end index variables
-//      a.  end_idx is the length of str - 1.  We want to remove one
-//          becuase at index str[len(str)] is the '\0' that we want
-//          to preserve because we are using C strings.  That makes
-//          the last real character in str as str[len(str)-1]
-//      b.  start_idx is 0, thus str[0] is the first character in the
-//          string.
-//
-//  2.  Loop while end_idx > start_idx
-//      2a. swap the characters in str[start_idx] and str[end_idx]
-//      2b. increment start_idx by 1
-//      2c. decrement end_indx by 1
-//
-//  3. When the loop above terminates, the string should be reversed in place
+// Function to reverse the string in place
 void reverse_string(char *str) {
     int end_idx = strlen(str) - 1; // Last character index
     int start_idx = 0;            // First character index
@@ -88,43 +57,7 @@ void reverse_string(char *str) {
     }
 }
 
-
-
-//word_print() - algorithm
-//
-// Start by copying the code from count words.  Recall that that code counts
-// individual words by incrementing wc when it encounters the first character 
-// in a word.
-// Now, at this point where we are incrementing wc we need to do a few more things
-//      1. incrment wc, and set word_start to true like before
-//      2. Now, set wlen to zero, as we will be counting characters in each word
-//      3. Since we are starting a new word we can printf("%d. ", wc);
-//
-// If word_start is true, we are in an active word, so each time through the loop
-// we would want to:
-//      1. Check if the current character is not a SPACE_CHARACTER
-//         a.  IF it is NOT A SPACE -> print the current character, increment wlen
-//
-//      2.  In the loop there are 2 conditions that indicate a current word is ending:
-//          a. word_start is false and the current character is a SPACE_CHARACTER
-//                  OR
-//          b. the current loop index is the last character in the string (aka the
-//             loop index is last_char_idx) 
-//
-//          IF either of these conditions are true:
-//              * Print the word length for current word - printf(" (%d)\n", wlen);
-//              * Set word_start to false
-//              * Set wlen to 0 given we are starting a new word
-//
-// EXAMPLE OUTPUT
-// ==============
-// ./stringfun -w "C programming is fun"
-// Word Print
-// ----------
-// 1. C (1)
-// 2. programming (11)
-// 3. is (2)
-// 4. fun (3)
+// Function to print each word and its length
 void word_print(char *str) {
     int len = strlen(str);
     int wc = 0;
@@ -163,8 +96,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
     }
     opt_string = argv[1];
 
-    //note arv[2] should be -h -r -w or -c, thus the option is
-    //the second character and a - is the first char
+    
     if((opt_string[0] != '-') && (strlen(opt_string) != 2)){
         usage(argv[0]);
         exit(1);
@@ -197,10 +129,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
     case 'r': {
         reverse_string(input_string); // Reverse the string
         printf("Reversed string: %s\n", input_string); // Print the result
-
-        // Explanation for TODO #4:
-        // Strings in C are passed by reference, so changes to the array
-        // in reverse_string are directly applied to input_string.
         break;
     }
     case 'w': {
@@ -217,8 +145,17 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
         //TODO: #6. What is the purpose of the default option here?
         //          Please describe replacing this TODO comment with
         //          your thoughts.
+        // ANSWER #: Invalid input options are handled by the default option.
+        //It shows the usage instructions and an error
+        // message before ending if the user enters an unsupported
+        // flag (not -h, -c, -r, or -w, for example).
+        // This prevents unexpected behavior by making sure the program doesn't continue with incorrect inputs.
     }
     //TODO: #7. Why did we place a break statement on each case
     //          option, and did not place one on default.  What
     //          would happen if we forgot the break statement?
+    // ANSWER #: Break statements make sure that after running its function, the program ends the current case.
+    // In the absence of a pause, the program would "fall through" and go on running the code for ensuing situations,
+    // leading to mistakes or unexpected behavior. 
+    //We don't require a break in the default scenario since the program ends further execution by using exit(1).
 }
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